工程名稱：武鋼二硅鋼水(shui)(shui)處(chu)理及(ji)脫鹽水(shui)(shui)站工(gong)程
項目業主：武鋼第二硅鋼片廠
建設地址：武漢鋼鐵集團公司
建設規模：循(xun)環水(shui)：10800m3/h 脫鹽水(shui)：150m3/h 含(han)油廢水(shui)：8m3/h 含(han)鉻廢水(shui)：8m3/h
建設周期：2003.12月～2004年(nian)8月
? ? ?工程概況：
武漢(han)鋼鐵集團(tuan)(tuan)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)第二硅鋼片廠水處理(li)及脫(tuo)鹽水站是由武漢(han)市都市環保工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)技術股份有限(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)總(zong)承包(bao)；武漢(han)星宇建(jian)(jian)設工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)監理(li)有限(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)監理(li)的項目。其中，土(tu)建(jian)(jian)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)由茂名建(jian)(jian)筑集團(tuan)(tuan)第三有限(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)承建(jian)(jian)；安(an)(an)裝工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)由湖北省工業建(jian)(jian)筑總(zong)承包(bao)集團(tuan)(tuan)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設備(bei)安(an)(an)裝公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)承建(jian)(jian)。
該(gai)工程主(zhu)要由：凈(jing)循(xun)環水(shui)及(ji)事(shi)故水(shui)處(chu)理(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、過濾水(shui)制(zhi)備及(ji)投加(jia)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、脫(tuo)鹽水(shui)制(zhi)備及(ji)投加(jia)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、含(han)油(you)廢(fei)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、含(han)鉻廢(fei)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、酸堿廢(fei)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、藥劑投加(jia)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)等(deng)七(qi)大部(bu)分組成。
1．凈(jing)循環水及事故水處理系統
該(gai)系統(tong)主要供(gong)(gong)給二(er)硅鋼廠各用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)凈循環(huan)水(shui)和事故水(shui)，凈循環(huan)水(shui)供(gong)(gong)給量一(yi)期(qi)(qi)為(wei)2000 m3/h，二(er)期(qi)(qi)為(wei)8000 m3/h，用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)點壓(ya)力0.4MPa，循環(huan)率97% 。事故水(shui)一(yi)期(qi)(qi)供(gong)(gong)給量為(wei)340 m3/h，二(er)期(qi)(qi)設計為(wei)400 m3/h，用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)點壓(ya)力0.45MPa。冷(leng)卻(que)后(hou)的水(shui)利用(yong)(yong)余壓(ya)經(jing)管道進(jin)入(ru)冷(leng)卻(que)塔，冷(leng)卻(que)后(hou)的水(shui)進(jin)入(ru)冷(leng)水(shui)池，再(zai)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)泵(beng)加壓(ya)供(gong)(gong)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)循環(huan)使用(yong)(yong)；或經(jing)水(shui)泵(beng)加壓(ya)送旁濾(lv)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)器過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)，過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)器的反洗排水(shui)排入(ru)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)器反洗水(shui)調(diao)節池進(jin)行統(tong)一(yi)處理。
主供水(shui)泵有兩路獨立電源，事(shi)故(gu)水(shui)系統(tong)配(pei)備(bei)事(shi)故(gu)水(shui)塔(ta)和事(shi)故(gu)柴(chai)油(you)機(ji)泵。當非正常停(ting)泵狀態下所(suo)有工作(zuo)泵停(ting)止(zhi)運轉時，首先通過(guo)事(shi)故(gu)水(shui)塔(ta)向用戶供水(shui)，事(shi)故(gu)柴(chai)油(you)機(ji)泵在15秒內(nei)能啟(qi)動并達(da)到額定負載。
2．過濾水(shui)制備及投加系(xi)統
根據硅(gui)(gui)鋼(gang)生產工藝要(yao)求(qiu)，硅(gui)(gui)鋼(gang)帶鋼(gang)清(qing)洗需要(yao)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)過(guo)濾(lv)水，而來(lai)自硅(gui)(gui)鋼(gang)廠(chang)區的凈化(hua)水懸(xuan)浮物較(jiao)高、水質(zhi)較(jiao)差，不(bu)能(neng)滿足帶鋼(gang)表(biao)面清(qing)洗的要(yao)求(qiu)，需要(yao)設置過(guo)濾(lv)器(qi)過(guo)濾(lv)后供用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶使用(yong)(yong)(yong)。來(lai)自硅(gui)(gui)鋼(gang)廠(chang)區的凈化(hua)水經管道進入砂過(guo)濾(lv)器(qi)，出水進入過(guo)濾(lv)水池，用(yong)(yong)(yong)供水泵供用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶使用(yong)(yong)(yong)。
3. 脫鹽水站
脫鹽水站系(xi)統(tong)設(she)計產量為：3x50m3/h。（一期(qi)工程處(chu)理(li)(li)能力(li)100m3/h，二期(qi)工程增加(jia)(jia)處(chu)理(li)(li)能力(li)50m3/h，）對外輸送系(xi)統(tong)能力(li)按250m3/h設(she)計。脫鹽水站水處(chu)理(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)的主要(yao)工藝，包括預(yu)處(chu)理(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)、反滲透(RO)系(xi)統(tong)。預(yu)處(chu)理(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)，由四(si)套并聯的多(duo)介質過濾(lv)器(qi)組成。預(yu)處(chu)理(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)中設(she)有5個加(jia)(jia)藥(yao)系(xi)統(tong)。同時進行加(jia)(jia)氧化劑(ji)(ji)、凝(ning)聚劑(ji)(ji)、助凝(ning)劑(ji)(ji)、還原劑(ji)(ji)、阻垢劑(ji)(ji)。在本系(xi)統(tong)中反滲透裝(zhuang)置是最(zui)主要(yao)的脫鹽裝(zhuang)置。
4. 含油廢水(shui)處理(li)系統
含(han)(han)(han)油廢(fei)(fei)水(shui)采用目前先(xian)進的無機陶瓷管超濾(lv)技術。一期設計含(han)(han)(han)油廢(fei)(fei)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)能力(li)(li)1m3/h，二期含(han)(han)(han)油廢(fei)(fei)水(shui)總處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)能力(li)(li)8m3/h，總構筑物預留增加6m3/h處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)能力(li)(li)的位置。各機組排出(chu)的濃堿(jian)(jian)廢(fei)(fei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)經管道送至濃堿(jian)(jian)廢(fei)(fei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)調節池，經過長時間靜置使廢(fei)(fei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)中污泥沉(chen)積下來；含(han)(han)(han)油廢(fei)(fei)水(shui)采用超濾(lv)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)。
5. 含鉻廢水處理系統(tong)
含鉻廢水(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)采(cai)用化學還(huan)原處(chu)理(li)(li)工藝，降低水(shui)中Cr3+濃度。處(chu)理(li)(li)能力8 m3/h。
含(han)(han)鉻(ge)廢水(shui)處理系(xi)統一次建(jian)成。來自(zi)硅鋼車間排(pai)放的含(han)(han)鉻(ge)廢水(shui)，通(tong)過(guo)硫酸調整PH值，投(tou)加(jia)NaHSO3使(shi)還原池(chi)內氧化還原。。重新(xin)處理。其中(zhong)，沉(chen)淀濃縮池(chi)的污泥(ni)定(ding)期通(tong)過(guo)泵輸送至移動式臥螺機脫(tuo)水(shui)。
6. 酸堿廢水處(chu)理系統
酸堿廢(fei)水(shui)采用(yong)(yong)分開處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)的工藝，其中酸廢(fei)水(shui)采用(yong)(yong)高密度污泥法曝氣中和沉淀(dian)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)工藝，堿廢(fei)水(shui)采用(yong)(yong)氣浮處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)工藝，出水(shui)最終合并處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)，酸廢(fei)水(shui)系統設計處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)水(shui)量(liang)200 m3/h，堿廢(fei)水(shui)系統設計處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)能力240 m3/h。
其中(zhong)，堿(jian)廢水處理流程為(wei)：
堿廢(fei)水(shui)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)堿性廢(fei)水(shui)調(diao)節(jie)池(chi)，用(yong)泵送(song)至一(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)反(fan)應池(chi)，在(zai)一(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)反(fan)應池(chi)內投加(jia)(jia)石(shi)灰乳控(kong)制PH值，使水(shui)中(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)量硅酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽轉化成硅酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鈣沉淀物，同時水(shui)池(chi)內投加(jia)(jia)PAC，促使硅酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鈣絮凝。出(chu)(chu)水(shui)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)絮凝池(chi)，投加(jia)(jia)PAM形(xing)成大(da)(da)(da)的(de)礬花(hua)，經過(guo)一(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)浮(fu)(fu)池(chi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)大(da)(da)(da)量污(wu)泥同微氣(qi)(qi)(qi)泡一(yi)(yi)起(qi)浮(fu)(fu)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)面，經撇(pie)渣機撇(pie)進(jin)(jin)浮(fu)(fu)渣收集槽。一(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)浮(fu)(fu)池(chi)底部污(wu)泥定期排至浮(fu)(fu)渣收集槽。一(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)浮(fu)(fu)池(chi)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)二級(ji)(ji)反(fan)應池(chi)，投加(jia)(jia)硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)，出(chu)(chu)水(shui)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)二級(ji)(ji)絮凝池(chi)，投加(jia)(jia)PAC和PAM投加(jia)(jia)形(xing)成大(da)(da)(da)的(de)礬花(hua)，進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)二級(ji)(ji)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)浮(fu)(fu)池(chi)去除油和懸(xuan)浮(fu)(fu)物。二級(ji)(ji)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)浮(fu)(fu)池(chi)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)同酸(suan)(suan)(suan)廢(fei)水(shui)中(zhong)和處理后(hou)(hou)(hou)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)堿廢(fei)水(shui)最終(zhong)PH中(zhong)和池(chi)。通過(guo)投加(jia)(jia)硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)調(diao)節(jie)PH值后(hou)(hou)(hou)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)中(zhong)間水(shui)池(chi)，出(chu)(chu)水(shui)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)回用(yong)水(shui)池(chi)。
酸廢水處(chu)理流(liu)程(cheng)為(wei):
酸廢水(shui)調(diao)節池(chi)(chi)(chi)的出水(shui)用泵提升至(zhi)第一(yi)(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)池(chi)(chi)(chi)、第一(yi)(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)池(chi)(chi)(chi)出水(shui)自流到中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)曝(pu)氣(qi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。兩座池(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)投加(jia)石灰乳(ru)等藥劑調(diao)節PH值并加(jia)以(yi)曝(pu)氣(qi)處理，使(shi)廢水(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的Fe2+轉化為可沉淀的Fe(OH)3。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)曝(pu)氣(qi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)出水(shui)經(jing)過絮凝反應池(chi)(chi)(chi)后流入(ru)輻(fu)流沉淀池(chi)(chi)(chi)，絮凝反應池(chi)(chi)(chi)內(nei)投加(jia)PAM形成大的礬花(hua)。輻(fu)流沉淀池(chi)(chi)(chi)出水(shui)排入(ru)最終PH調(diao)節池(chi)(chi)(chi)。
7.化學藥劑投加系統
包括硫酸供(gong)(gong)給系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、NaHSO3供(gong)(gong)給系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、NaOH供(gong)(gong)給系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、石(shi)灰投加系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、高分子助凝(ning)劑(PAM)稀釋(shi)和供(gong)(gong)給系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、絮凝(ning)劑(PAC)供(gong)(gong)給系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、分散劑投加系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)。
在冶金工藝(yi)廢(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處理中，武鋼二硅(gui)鋼工程水(shui)(shui)(shui)處理工藝(yi)首(shou)次采(cai)用溶氣(qi)釋放器制備加壓溶氣(qi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處理堿性工業廢(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。與(yu)上世紀70年代引(yin)進(jin)日本用于硅(gui)鋼片廠廢(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處理中的(de)(de)(de)(de)先進(jin)技術，射流布氣(qi)汽浮(fu)相比(bi)(bi)，具(ju)有微細氣(qi)泡細膩，布氣(qi)均(jun)勻的(de)(de)(de)(de)特點。堿性廢(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)中比(bi)(bi)重(zhong)≤1的(de)(de)(de)(de)絮(xu)狀懸浮(fu)顆粒能夠(gou)充(chong)分而迅速的(de)(de)(de)(de)上浮(fu)，使處理后的(de)(de)(de)(de)堿性廢(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)中SS（懸浮(fu)物）的(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)量
同(tong)時，該(gai)(gai)技術還采用(yong)了目前(qian)國際較(jiao)為先進的(de)污(wu)(wu)(wu)泥脫(tuo)水(shui)工藝(yi)——臥式螺旋離心機處(chu)理工業廢水(shui)沉淀的(de)污(wu)(wu)(wu)泥。與在此之前(qian)武鋼所使用(yong)的(de)真空過濾脫(tuo)水(shui)系(xi)統(tong)；帶(dai)式壓(ya)濾脫(tuo)水(shui)系(xi)統(tong)；廂式（板(ban)框(kuang)）壓(ya)濾脫(tuo)水(shui)系(xi)統(tong)等污(wu)(wu)(wu)泥脫(tuo)水(shui)工藝(yi)相比具有占地面(mian)小，操作簡單，噪音低，可連(lian)續運行，效(xiao)率高，無二次污(wu)(wu)(wu)染等特點(dian)。該(gai)(gai)工程的(de)建成將滿足武鋼第二硅鋼片廠生產規模的(de)用(yong)水(shui)要求(qiu)。
